Canning Liturgical Arts
 

Monthly Newsletter | July 2026

 
Spanish Mission Style Architecture

Spanish Mission Style Architecture

The Spanish Mission style previously known as California Style originated during 18th century when the Franciscan Catholic Mission churches and monasteries were aiming to merge pre-Hispanic and the Christian faith. These mission efforts were concentrated in the Western region of the United States at the time in what is currently known as Texas, New Mexico, California, and Arizona which integrated regional styles and materials to help the missionaries assimilate with the culture that was already there. Spanish mission takes its influences from a number of styles including: Spanish Renaissance, Baroque, Moorish, Plateresque and gained popular acceptance around 1885. One example from that period is Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Rio Carmelo in California which is a great example of this style with its sandstone exterior, curved parapet and bell towers.

Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Rio Carmelo
Sketch of the California Building from 1893

Left: Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Rio Carmelo | Right: Sketch of the California Building from 1893

Even though this style has become iconic of the western region of the United States, that was not always the case. Before the style had been thoroughly developed, designers leaned on Romanesque revival while they continued to experiment with Spanish mission. The style gained acceptance in 1885 but did not become popular until the 1893 Columbian World Exposition. The California Building, designed by Arthur Page Brown, enchanted visitors with promises of an exotic land and cemented the regional style.

Unique Characteristics and Materials

The style came to represent the West's frontier character with its experimental workmanship and its simplified design. Great curiosity in foreign customs and Hispanic culture meant that the style gradually developed a flair that made it distinct from its influences. The warmer climates also meant that artificial protection from the environment was unnecessary and allowed for open arcades, low pitched roofs, and red clay tiles--features that echoes whispers of the ancient Roman houses. Naturally, the climate heavily also impacted the materials used which therefore dictated the church’s construction system.

For example, sun-dried adobe, composed of clay, silt, and sand, was the most common material. It required the least number of resources and resembled a similar native technique of puddled mud. Other times, cut stone such as limestone or sandstone was used in favor of its more durable properties because adobe needed to be sheltered from the rain with deep overhanging pitched roofs or covered in lime or mud plaster. In some cases, composite wall systems were used with cut stone as the finish and rubble stone and lime slurry filling the core. With these materials, the color palette lends itself to more tans and oranges, adding to its stylistic development and allowing the architecture to respond to the unique region surrounding it.

The Spanish Mission Style Today

A more recent example of a Spanish Mission church is the Church of the Little Flower in Coral Gables, Florida, where the style pays tribute to the area’s Spanish influences. The community was able to build their dream church, dedicating it in 1952, after settling for a temporary church during the Great Depression.

Overall renovated interior of Church of the Little Flower

Overall renovated interior of Church of the Little Flower

Canning Liturgical Arts was commissioned to do some conservation cleaning as well as decoration work to develop a more cohesive color palette for the interior. The dome was designed and installed with a Holy Spirit mosaic and the bricks painted to simulate Guastavino tile. The cornice of the drum was also repainted to better suit the color palette. The added warmth in the dome created a dynamic interior that encouraged a more welcoming ambiance, beckoning parishioners to look upwards. Decorative treatment on the capitals was also completed to better match the palette of golds, tans, and reds, giving a subtle and poignant glimmer to the otherwise natural interior.

Dome detail

Dome detail

Conservation efforts were also made to the sanctuary for the high altar’s grille. The candle soot, dust, and incense accumulated from years of continuous use made the grille’s appearance dingy and discolored. However, with meticulous cleaning and repairs, the luster of the grille returned. With the palette established, the pedestals, their statues, and frames fell in line and were repainted to enhance the overall composition and contribute gracefully to the rest of the interior. All of these small changes add up, revitalizing an already beautiful church that the parish can continue to cultivate. 

Cleaned and renovated high altar
Cleaned and renovated Marian side altar

Left: Cleaned and renovated high altar | Right: Cleaned and renovated Marian side altar

The Future of Spanish Mission Style

As Owen Jones states in the Grammar of Ornament about architecture, it is a “material expression of the wants, the faculties, and the sentiments, of the age in which is it created.” The influence of Spanish Mission is still relevant and is still being built today as proved by Church of the Little Flower and many others.

In recent years, demand has not stopped but increased, particularly in the South because of increasing Central and South American populations. With flexibility of the style and materials, it has become popular with various typologies from being a ubiquitous choice for houses to even train stations like the one in Santa Barbara, CA. Paired with local and inexpensive options for materials, this style is a popular choice for new construction.

Understanding the demand for these kinds of buildings now, perhaps one can make a push for classically influenced vernacular style and authentic craftsmanship that is accessible to the wider public. The establishment of style imbues the place with an identity and allows for the character and culture of an area to thrive more graciously. Then the community becomes something that cultivates its places and traditions. The demand for beauty and interest in sustainable, local materials has been growing. When architecture lends a sense of beauty and place, it becomes a destination worth seeing and a community worth participating in. When sacred architecture inspires, welcomes, and uplifts, we experience first-hand the peace and beauty of the faith on Earth.

Santa Barbara, CA Train Station | Courtesy of Robert Ashworth, Wikimedia Commons

Santa Barbara, CA Train Station | Courtesy of Robert Ashworth, Wikimedia Commons

 
APT Bulletin Call for Abstracts

The Association for Preservation Technology International (APT) invites submissions for a special issue of the APT Bulletin on the building construction and craft trades.

This issue aims to enhance the understanding of building construction and craft trades in the effective execution of preservation technology projects. Submissions that examine historical and contemporary relationships within the trades, as well as those that address the international dimensions of trade work, are especially encouraged.

Authors are encouraged to submit abstracts by August 15, 2026. Each abstract must be 500 to 1000 words and include an outline of the article. Case studies must include what the author(s) learned from this case study and why it is relevant to the theme. Please submit up to four images and provide a biography of 50 words or fewer. Abstracts should be submitted to co-editors Ronald D. Staley, FAPT, APT RP, and David Riccio, AIC, APT RP, in care of Bulletin Interim Editor Josie Madison at bulletineditor@apti.org.

The deadline for final papers will be February 15, 2027. APT Bulletin articles contain between 1,500 and 4,500 words and six to ten illustrations (including tables); author guidelines can be found on the APT website. The final paper should not have been published elsewhere before submittal. Acceptance of an abstract is not a guarantee of publication. All manuscripts undergo peer review, which determines whether they will proceed to publication.

 
Catholic Art Institute Bernini Awards Call for Entry

The Catholic Art Institute is pleased to present its inaugural Bernini Awards 2026 Call for Entry.

Named in honor of Gian Lorenzo Bernini, whose genius united faith, beauty, craftsmanship, and patronage in the service of the Church, the Bernini Awards recognize outstanding achievement in the creation, restoration, and support of Catholic sacred spaces and works of art.
 

Categories include:

Church Architecture — New Construction, Church Restoration, Artisanship & Craftsmanship,  Churches, Shrines & Ecclesiastical Buildings, Fine Arts, Interior Design, Landscape Design — Church and School Grounds, Student - Architecture & Art, Patronage  (nomination), and Stewardship (nomination).

Submissions are due by August 5th, 2026. 

 
Catholic Art Institute's Annual Conference 2026

Registration is now open for the Catholic Art Institute's Annual Conference at the Catholic University of America in Washington, DC! Join us for a weekend of beauty, liturgy, and education.

 

Running from September 18th to 19th, this year's theme is "Redeeming Culture: Beauty as a Path to Evangelization." The speakers include Peter Carter, Nicolas Charbonneau, Martin Earle, William Heyer, Fr. Robert McTeigue, SJ, Dr. Jem Sullivan, and David Riccio.

 

The conference begins with the votive mass of Bl. Fra Angelico in the Dominican House of Studies chapel accompanied by choral polyphonic music. Registration, lunch and the  presentations will follow Holy Mass in Fr. O'Connell Hall on Friday September 19th.

The presentations continue on Saturday including lunch, the Bernini Awards, and plenty of time for networking and fellowship. Saturday concludes with a reception celebrating the Bernini Awards recipients for all conference attendees.

Click the link here to learn more and sign up today! 

 

Cultivated by a love of the Beautiful, Ai-Vi Hoang's experiences in art and architecture, shaped by her experiences at home and abroad, have led to a conviction for the renewal of church ornamentation and beautification. She is graduate of Benedictine College with a B.A. in Architecture focusing on Classical styles, she has learned to forever be a student of the greats as part of her pursuit in wonder at the good, true, and beautiful.

 

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Resources

Partners for Sacred Places

Partners for Sacred Places brings people together to find creative ways to maintain and make the most of America’s older and historic houses of worship. A leader in the nonprofit field for over 30 years, Partners provides research, training, grants, one-on-one coaching, and support to give congregations and civic leaders the tools they need to keep sacred places at the heart of their communities. Learn more at sacredplaces.org

National Fund for Sacred Places

The National Fund for Sacred Places invests in community-serving historic houses of worship across America by providing financial and technical support.

 

 

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Cheshire, CT 06410         203-272-9868    info@canningliturgicalarts.com

 

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